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Stephania Rotunda is a rare and eye-catching caudex plant known for its round, coin-shaped leaves and swollen underground stem (caudex). Popular among collectors, it grows as a climbing or trailing vine and adds a sculptural look to indoor and outdoor plant collections. Though it looks exotic, Stephania rotunda is fairly easy to care for when its basic needs are met.

Stephania Rotunda Care Guide :

Light Requirements
Stephania rotunda prefers bright, indirect light. Place it near a window where it receives filtered sunlight for several hours a day. Morning sun is ideal, but avoid harsh afternoon sun, which can scorch the leaves. Too little light leads to weak growth and long, stretched stems. If grown indoors, a bright east or north-facing window works well. Under grow lights, keep it at medium brightness for healthy leaf development.

Watering
Watering is the most important part of Stephania rotunda care. The plant grows from a caudex that stores moisture, so it is drought tolerant and sensitive to overwatering. Water thoroughly only when the soil is mostly dry. Ensure excess water drains out completely. Never let the pot sit in standing water, as this can cause caudex rot. During the active growing season (spring and summer), watering may be needed once every 5–8 days depending on temperature and pot size. In dormancy (often winter), reduce watering drastically and keep the soil just slightly moist.

Soil and Potting Mix
Use a very well-draining potting mix. A cactus or succulent mix works well when improved with extra perlite, pumice, or coarse sand. Good aeration around the caudex is essential to prevent rot. Avoid heavy garden soil or dense peat mixes. A shallow, wide pot with drainage holes is ideal because the plant develops surface roots around the caudex.

Temperature and Climate
Stephania rotunda prefers warm temperatures between 20–32°C. It does not tolerate frost or cold drafts. Keep it away from air conditioners and cold windows during winter. If temperatures drop below 15°C, growth may slow or the plant may enter dormancy. In tropical and subtropical climates, it can be grown outdoors in partial shade.

Humidity
Moderate humidity is sufficient. The plant adapts well to normal indoor humidity levels. You do not need to mist it regularly. However, in very dry indoor air, occasional light misting or placing a humidity tray nearby can support healthier foliage.

Fertilizing
Feed with a diluted balanced liquid fertilizer once every 3–4 weeks during the growing season. Use a mild dose to avoid salt buildup in the soil. Do not fertilize during dormancy or when the plant is not actively producing new leaves and vines.

Growth Habit and Support
Stephania rotunda produces thin vines that can climb or trail. Provide a small trellis, hoop, or stake if you want upward growth. Without support, the vines will trail over the pot edges. Pruning is rarely needed, but you can trim long vines to control shape and encourage branching.

Dormancy
This plant may go dormant seasonally, especially in cooler months. Leaves may yellow and drop — this is normal. During dormancy, reduce watering and stop fertilizing. Keep the caudex in a warm, bright place. New growth will emerge when conditions become favorable again.

Repotting
Repot only when necessary, typically every 2–3 years. Choose a slightly larger pot and refresh with fresh, well-draining mix. Be gentle with the caudex and roots during repotting to avoid damage.

Common Problems

The most common issue is root or caudex rot due to overwatering. Yellowing leaves usually indicate excess moisture or poor drainage. Pests like mealybugs and spider mites may appear occasionally — treat early with neem oil or mild insecticidal soap.

With proper light, careful watering, and a fast-draining mix, Stephania rotunda will reward you with beautiful round leaves and a unique bonsai-like appearance.